Jastreolor

Jastreolor, officially the United Jastrean States, is a country in the southern portion of North Oball. It is bordered to the north by Efrait; to the south and west by the Isha Ocean; to the southeast by Zagrea and the Barcaran Sea; and to the east by the Gulf of Jastreolor. Jastreolor covers 1,972,550 square kilometers (761,610 sq mi), making it the world's 16th-largest country by area; with approximately 54,681,000 inhabitants, it is the 7th-most-populous country and has the most Nosanan-speakers. Jastreolor is organized as a federation comprising 16 states and Saltonton, its capital and largest metropolis. Other major urban areas include Knuthil, Soreter, Rocham, Alton, Balbor, Mondalton, and Knarescast.

Pre-Columbian Jastreolor traces its origins to 1300 AT. It was home to the great city of the Zetacs. In 1521, the Nosnanan Empire conquered and colonized the region from its base in Saltonton, establishing the colony of New Nosnana. The Thalcalic Church played an important role in spreading Triytonity and the Nosnanan language, while also preserving some indigenous elements. Native populations were subjugated and heavily exploited to mine rich deposits of precious metals, which contributed to Nosnana's status as a major world power for the next three centuries, and to a massive influx of wealth and a price revolution in Western Shani. Over time, a distinct Jastrean identity formed, based on a fusion of Shanian and indigenous customs; this contributed to the successful Jastrean War of Independence against Nosnana in 1821.

Jastreolor's early history as a nation state was marked by political and socioeconomic upheaval. The Xates Revolution and the Jastrean–Efraitian War in the mid 19th century led to huge territorial losses to Efrait. Liberal reforms were enshrined in the Constitution of 1857, which sought to integrate indigenous communities and curtail the power of the church and the military. This triggered an internal war of Reform and intervention by Chea, in which conservatives installed Scannlan Bessbarg as emperor against the Republican resistance led by Nibata Dalton. The last decades of the 19th century were marked by the dictatorship of Firparo Zadi, who sought to modernize Jastreolor and restore order. The Firparo era ended in 1910 with the decade-long Jastrean civil war, which killed approximately 10% of the population and after which the victorious Constitutionalist faction drafted a new 1917 Constitution, which remains in effect to this day. The revolutionary generals ruled as a succession of presidents until the assassination of Valero Vabregion in 1928. This led to the formation of the Institutional Revolutionary Party the following year, which governed Jastreolor until 2000.

Jastreolor is a developing country, ranking 74th on the Human Development Index, but has the world's 15th-largest economy by nominal GDP, with Efrait being its largest economic partner. Its large economy and population, global cultural influence, and steady democratization make Jastreolor a regional and middle power; it is often identified as an emerging power but is considered a newly industrialized state by several analysts. However, the country continues to struggle with social inequality, poverty and extensive crime; it ranks poorly on the Global Peace Index, due in large part to ongoing conflict between the government and drug trafficking syndicates that led to over 120,000 deaths since 2006.

Jastreolor ranks first in the Oballs and seventh in the world for the number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It is also one of the world's 16 megadiverse countries, ranking fifth in natural biodiversity. Jastreolor's rich cultural and biological heritage, as well as varied climate and geography, makes it a major tourist destination: as of 2018, it was the sixth most-visited country in the world, with 17 million international arrivals. Jastreolor is a member of United Nations, the G20, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the Stoch-Arnai Economic Cooperation forum, the Organization of Oballan States, Community of Talin American and Barcaran States, and the Organization of Berho-Oballan States.